Today information is one of the most important directions of scientific and
technological progress based on wide usage of computers, means of communication,
automated databases interlinked in information computation systems. In recent years
information technology has become firmly embedded into various spheres of activities
and the usage of these technologies significantly facilitate and accelerate certain
processes.
Computerization on of transport continues to grow. Software products and
technical means have been improving, new technologies have been introduced, the
internet has been increasingly used. Electronic commerce (E-commerce), Internet
technology, automated management, based on modern hardware and software opened
new opportunities of improvement transport efficiency and logistic systems economy.
It was contributed greatly by modern telecommunication systems and especially
mobile communication system on the basis of GSM (Global System for Mobile
Communication). The vehicle global positioning system (GPS) based on satellite
communications plays an important role in automatization in the all modes of
transport.
Progress in the field of cargo and medium identification barcode-based and also
new radio frequency identification technology using transponders have largely
contributed to the automation and computerization of transport.
As a primary focus of the road transportation usage the utilization of automated
navigation systems, through which the best vehicles movement route is determined.
Currently a number of these systems with diverse software are known. The most of
these systems are works by means of a global automated geographical system GIS
with topographic maps in digital form, which are used not only in the road transport,
but also in any other modes of vehicle for automation management [1].
The comprehensive approach to transport automation is, the first of all, automated registration oftransport enterprises activities and also divisions within the
organizations.
Presently in many departments and organizations there is a need to operatively
monitor the location and the state of moving objects, as well as to transmit operational
information to them.
Information is a crucial factor, which determines the development of transport
process technology and resources as a whole. The aim of the information technology
implementation in transport is the increase of the transport process efficiency with the
usage of modern computers of distributed data processing, of databases, of various
information and computer networks by providing circulation and information
processing. Information requirements in motor transport enterprises are structured,
since specialists in different subject fields need diverse information, both in content
and form.
In recent years it is strongly seeks to implement new reliable technical facilities,
which would enable to collect automatically dispatcher’s information from mobile
objects, as well as to transmit information to the objects [2].
A new scientific direction in the sphere of transport systems informatization
belongs to the possibility of introducing the new information technologies, such as the
geographical information systems (GIS), the American GPS system, the European
GALILEO system and the global satellite radio navigation system GLONASS of the
Russian Federation, which are able to identify potential ways to reduce prime costs of
vehicle services. Subscribers’ mobile kits of satellite equipment and related
technologies: information, advertisement, security, dispatching and management tool,
telematics of all kinds and the like develop together with the systems’ space grouping
satellite navigation.
System facilities enable to achieve not only commercial objectives of the
management, but also will provide security improvement of objects movement and
will help in safeguard human life. Data of the emergency facilities deployment can be
transmitted to the relevant search and rescue services.
The GPS system or transport monitoring is a solid tool for the fleet enterprises
management, providing urban, inter-city and international passenger transportations.
System implementation obviates the necessity to maintain numerous dispatchers’ staff,
allows to automate most of the organizational processes and reduce the number of
operational errors and force majeure circumstances, related to the «human factor».
During this period in the Republic of Kazakhstan the situation of automation and
informatization tools development in general and including in transport has common
challenge. It is a large number of fragmented systems, although the growth tendency
of any technical systems is the first of all integration.
To establish national transport system. To integrate all available information resources to the maximumand implement further integration and unification policies
[3].
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